Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is an efficient way to control analog electronics from purely digital FPGA pins. Instead of attempting to regulate the analog voltage, PWM rapidly switches on and off the supply current at full power to the analog device. This method gives us precise control over the moving average of energy provided to the consumer device.
Examples of use cases that are good candidates for PWM are audio modulation (speakers), light intensity control (lamps or LEDs),